Global scaling of precipitation extremes using near-surface air temperature and dew point temperature

Abstract Global warming has altered the energy budget and water cycle processes of land–atmosphere system, which resulted in significant effects on precipitation extremes. Previous studies have identified a hook structure between near-surface temperature extremes, extremes increase with rises decline thereafter. However, underlying physical mechanisms this association remain poorly understood. In study, global-scale responses to air (SAT) dew point (DPT) were quantified using ERA5 reanalysis dataset. The results reveal scaling temperature, for both SAT DPT, over many regions worldwide. peak ( T pp ) ranges from 15 °C 25 °C, increasing as latitude decreased. is negative areas tropics, whereas that DPT almost always positive; suggests moisture supply main factor limiting at higher surface temperatures. rates incompatible Clausius–Clapeyron are associated various factors including duration, total column vapour, convective available potential energy, relative humidity.